Harriet Tubman is one of the most important figures in American history. She was born into slavery but later escaped and helped many others find freedom. Tubman’s bravery, determination, and work during the American Civil War made her a true hero. She played a key role in the abolitionist movement and continued to fight for justice throughout her life. Her story is still celebrated today, especially during Black History Month. If you would like to know more about her, this episode of Harriet Tubman Biography will do justice to your search.
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Harriet Tubman Biography
Harriet Tubman was born around 1822 in Dorchester County, Maryland. Her parents were enslaved, and she was given the name Araminta Ross at birth. As a child, she worked very hard and suffered cruel treatment. Despite this, she grew strong and learned how to survive. In 1849, she made a brave decision to escape to freedom in Pennsylvania. But instead of staying safe, she chose to help others escape, too.
Harriet became a leader on the Underground Railroad, a secret path that helped enslaved people find freedom. She made many dangerous trips back to the South, guiding about 70 people to safety. Many more escaped because of her help. People called her “Moses” because she led so many to freedom. She worked with famous abolitionists like Frederick Douglass to end slavery.
During the American Civil War, Harriet helped the Union Army. She worked as a nurse, a spy, and a scout. She gave soldiers important information and even helped lead a raid that freed over 700 enslaved people. After the war, she kept fighting for justice. She worked to help poor people and supported women’s right to vote.
Harriet Tubman died on March 10, 1913, in Auburn, New York. People remember her as a brave and kind leader. Schools, parks, and museums honour her name. In 2016, the U.S. government decided to put her picture on the twenty-dollar bill. Her story continues to inspire people to fight for freedom and fairness.
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Early Life
Harriet Tubman was born around 1822 in Dorchester County, Maryland. Her birth name was Araminta “Minty” Ross, but she later changed it to Harriet, after her mother, Harriet Green. Her father, Ben Ross (also called Benjamin Ross), was also enslaved. Harriet was owned by Edward Brodess, a plantation owner, and his wife, Eliza Brodess. Life as an enslaved person was very hard for Harriet. She worked long hours and was often beaten.
As a child, Harriet suffered a serious head injury when an overseer threw a heavy metal weight at another enslaved person, but it hit her instead. This injury caused her to have seizures and visions for the rest of her life. Harriet believed these visions were messages from God, guiding her to help others.
Harriet Tubman Family
Harriet’s parents, Harriet Green and Ben Ross, had several children. Sadly, many of them were sold to other plantation owners. As a young girl, Harriet saw her sisters taken away and sold. This loss made her determined to find freedom. She later married John Tubman, a free African American man, but because Harriet was still enslaved, she was not free to live with him.
Escape from Slavery
In 1849, Harriet learned that she might be sold. Fearing she would be taken to the Deep South, where slavery was even harsher, she decided to escape. She travelled north using the Underground Railroad, a secret network of safe houses and guides. With the help of abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass, she made it to freedom in Pennsylvania.
Harriet was now free, but she was not satisfied. She wanted to help others escape as well. Over the years, she made 13 dangerous trips back to the South, leading over 70 enslaved people to freedom. Because of her efforts, she became known as “Moses” of her people.
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Harriet Tubman Accomplishments
One of Harriet Tubman’s greatest accomplishments was her work on the Underground Railroad. She never lost a single person she guided to freedom.
During the American Civil War, Harriet worked as a nurse, scout, and spy for the Union Army. She played a major role in the Combahee River Raid, where over 700 enslaved people were freed. She worked closely with Colonel James Montgomery and became known as General Tubman for her leadership.
After the war, Harriet continued to fight for justice. She worked with Susan B. Anthony to support women’s suffrage and the right for women to vote. She also established the Harriet Tubman Home in New York, where she cared for elderly African Americans.
Where Did Harriet Tubman Live?
After escaping slavery, Harriet lived in Pennsylvania, then moved to Canada to avoid capture after the Fugitive Slave Act was passed. Later, she settled in Auburn, New York, where she bought land and built the Tubman Home. This home became a place where she took care of those in need.
Why Is Harriet Tubman Important?
Harriet Tubman is important because she showed incredible bravery in the fight against slavery. She not only freed herself but helped many others escape. During the Civil War, Tubman helped the Union Army and made history with the Combahee River Raid. Her contributions to African American history and women’s rights continue to inspire people today.
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Harriet Tubman Timeline
- 1822 – Harriet Tubman (born Harriet Ross) is born in Maryland
- 1849 – Escapes slavery and reaches Pennsylvania
- 1850-1860 – Makes multiple trips to rescue enslaved people
- 1858 – Meets abolitionist John Brown, who plans to end slavery by force
- 1863 – Leads the Combahee River Raid during the Civil War
- 1865 – American Civil War ends, slavery is abolished
- 1869 – Marries Nelson Davis, a Union Army veteran
- 1896 – Opens the Harriet Tubman Home for the Aged
- 1913 – Harriet Tubman dies at around 90 years old
When Did Harriet Tubman Die?
Harriet Tubman died on March 10, 1913, in Auburn, New York. She had been sick for several years. She was buried with military honours at Fort Hill Cemetery.
Conclusion
Harriet Tubman’s courage and dedication changed the course of history. Her work as an escaped enslaved person, abolitionist, and war hero made her a symbol of freedom. Her legacy is remembered every year during Black History Month and through organizations like the Harriet Tubman Historical Society. Harriet Tubman’s life is a true inspiration, reminding us that one person’s bravery can make a difference.
FAQs
What is a short biography of Harriet Tubman?
Harriet Tubman was born into slavery in Maryland around 1822. She escaped in 1849 and became a leading figure in the Underground Railroad, helping over 70 enslaved people find freedom. During the American Civil War, she worked as a nurse, spy, and scout for the Union Army. After the war, she fought for women’s rights and cared for the elderly. She died in 1913 in Auburn, New York.
What happened to Harriet Tubman when she was 13?
At the age of 13, Harriet Tubman suffered a severe head injury when an overseer threw a metal weight at another enslaved person, but it hit her instead. This injury caused her to have seizures and visions for the rest of her life.
How old was Harriet Tubman when she started slavery?
Harriet Tubman was born into slavery and started working as a young child, around 5 or 6 years old. She was forced to do household chores and later worked in the fields.
What was Harriet Tubman’s real name?
Harriet Tubman’s real name was Araminta “Minty” Ross. She later changed it to Harriet in honour of her mother, Harriet Green.
How did Harriet Tubman die?
Harriet Tubman died of pneumonia on March 10, 1913, at the age of about 90, in her home in Auburn, New York.
Why was Harriet Tubman called Moses?
Harriet Tubman was called “Moses” because she led many enslaved people to freedom, just as the biblical Moses led his people out of Egypt.
